Objectives: To evaluate the scientific evidence related to the failure rate of extra-alveolar bone miniimplant in orthodontic.
Materials and methods: An electronic searched for articles on the databases PubMed, ScienceDirect,
Google Scholar to identify all peer-reviewed articles potentially relevant to the review based on
PIOCS framework. Methodological limitations were highlighted and the quality of articles was
scored using tools such as: Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies - of Interventions (ROBINS-I)
for cohort studies and Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for randomized controlled clinical trials. Metaanalysis was conducted with selected article.
Results: Sample sizes of each study ranged from 30 to 840 patients, with 55 to 1680 mini-implants.
Most of studies used 2 mm diameter and 8-12 mm length mini-implants, immediately loaded with
8-14 oz. The failure rate of IZC mini-implant ranged from 6.3% to 27.3% while this percentage
of BC mini-implant was 7.2% to 68.7%. The meta-analysis showed that there was no significant
relationship of the failure rate between the left and the right side.
Conclusion: Althought the failure of extra-alveolar bone mini-implant was low in almost research,
it needs more randomized controlled clinical trial studies to evaluate exactly.