The study was conducted to determine the relationship between total plasma bilirubin concentration and some tests with kidney damage. Low concentrations of total plasma bilirubin are considered a risk factor for kidney damage. The research on 320 patients of type 2 diabetes treated at Thai Nguyen National Hospital, we classified them into 2 groups with kidney damage and without kidney damage. The results of average total bilirubin concentration had a statistically significant difference with p<0.05 in the kidney damage group (11.8±3.9 μmol/L) and the non-kidney damage group (13.2±4.9 μmol/L). The results showed that in patients with kidney damage due to type 2 diabetes, there was a negative correlation between total plasma Bilirrubin concentration and Cholesterol concentration (r = -0.8, p < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between Proteinuria and Plasma glucose concentration (r = 0.2; p = 0.001). However, we have not found a statistically significant difference between total Bilirubin concentration and glomerular filtration rate. The study results show that more longitudinal monitoring is needed to determine the role of bilirubin in monitoring and assessing kidney damage.